Turnip Farming With All Important Cultivation Practice

This post Includes Turnip Farming: Nutrition in turnip; Health benefits of turnip; Climate Requirement For The Turnip Farming; Soil Requirement For Turnip Cultivation; Varieties; Sowing, Spacing, Irrigation, Harvesting Process, Post-harvest Process In Turnip Farming 

Turnip Introduction 

• Scientific name of Turnip Is:- Brassica rapa var. rapa L.
• Turnip comes from the family:- brassicaceae
• Turnip is the biennial plant
• It Is Mainly Cultivated As Rabi Crops All Over the world 
• Turnip Is Popular Vegetable In European Countries 
• The origin of turnip is the Middle East and Eastern Asia
• Turnip is grown all over the temperate zones

Most commonly used White-skinned and above the ground, it is Purple Red or greenish

The root weight of the turnip varies from place to place and variety to variety.

Approx root weight of the turnip is 1 kilogram

We mostly used turnip for salads like radishes and other vegetables

For the conjunction purpose, baby friendship is used. We ate them whole along with their leaf

In the market, we sell many varieties of turnip colour of these turnips are yellow-orange and red, flashed

The fresh root of the turnip is directly consumed as a salad. It is also consumed after cooking as a vegetable; it is also commonly used to prepare pickles.

Nutrition Present in turnip

• The calorie content in turnip is very high as compared to other vegetables.
• In a Hundred grams of turnip, we can get 22 calories.
• In Hundred grams, carbohydrate is 4.4-gram energy is 84-kilo calorie
• Sugar percentage in turnip is very less in a Hundred gram of turnip only 0.5 grams of the sugar content
• Fat percentage in turnip is also very low in a Hundred grams of turnip, only 0.2-gram fat is got.
• Carbohydrate fibres and protein are present in high percentage in turnip in Hundred gram of turnip 4.4 gram
• Carbohydrate 3.5 gram fibres and 1.1-gram protein are present. This is a high percentage as compared to other vegetables and salads.

History of turnip

• It Is Believed That Turnip Is Originated In The Middle East and Eastern Asia
• We found humans use turnip for a long time in England turnip is used for livestock feeding.

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Health benefits of turnip

Turnip Is Good for the human intestine because it contains an outrageous amount of fibre and lowers the risk of intestinal problems.

Turnip is helpful for them those who have high blood pressure because it helps in lowering the blood pressure. In several studies, we found that a diet with many fibrous fruits and vegetables helps to control blood pressure.

Turnip also reduces the risk of cancer. We found in several studies that vegetables belonging to the family Brassicaceae lower the risk of cancer. It contains the compound which is known as sulforaphane which is used to treat cancer.

Helpful loss and improve digestion because of the outrageous amount of fibre present in turnip, it prevents constipation and regulates the digestive tract and the proper bowel movement to get rid of toxins present in the human body through the stool.

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Other Health Benefits Of Turnip 

• It protects our liver. 
• It promotes bone health.
• It is helpful for Kidney Health.

Climate Requirement For The Turnip Farming

• Turnip Is mainly grown in the cold season. It can easily tolerate the condition of frost and freezing temp as well.
• It can’t tolerate hot weather and an irregular supply of water because this quality of root deteriorates, roots become tough and woody and the taste also becomes bitter.
• For proper flowering, it requires a temperature below 10 degrees celsius
• For the proper development of roots, it requires the environment temperature 10 to 13 degrees Celsius and the temperature of soil should be 18 to 23 degrees celsius

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SOIL REQUIREMENT FOR TURNIP CULTIVATION

• It requires well-drained soil. It cannot tolerate the waterlogged condition.
• We can easily grow turnip in moderately acidic soil
• the pH of soil required for the cultivation is between 5.5 to 6.8
• Harrowing of the Field should be done many times till the good tilth of the soil.
• We should plough deep land before the showing.

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Varieties For Turnip Farming

• Pusa Kanchan
• Pusa Sweti
• Punjab Safed 4

• Purple Top White Globe
• Golden Ball
• Snow Ball
• Early Milan
• Red Top
• Pusa Chandrima
• Pusa Swarnima.

• 1st. White Fleshed
• 2nd. Yellow Fleshed
• 3rd.Foliage Cultivars

Seed Rate For Turnip Cultivation

Turnip Don’t require a large amount of seed for Cultivation

• 2 – 3 kg seeds are enough for the one-acre land

But before sowing seed should be treated with thiram and the quantity of thiram should not be over 3 grams per kilogram

Time of the sowing For Turnip Farming

In plains:-

• Tropical Type { Asian Type } is grown from- July to September.
• Temperate Type { European Type } is growing from- October to December

In Hills:-

• In the hilly region, we grow it in March to May

Spacing At The Time Turnip Showing 

Seed of turnip is shown on the ridge and turnip is not transplanted. We directly sown it in the field so proper spacing is necessary.

• Row to Row distance infield should be 6 to 7 cm
• Plant to Plant distance in the field should be 30 cm
• Depth of showing in the field should not be over 1.5cm

If the process of sowing is done uniformly, then seeds should be mixed with sand because the size of the seed is tiny.

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN TURNIP FARMING

• We Should apply FYM during the field preparation at the rate of 20 – 25 tonnes/ha
• After this, apply Nitrogen at the rate of 60 – 80 kg. If farmers have incorporated leguminous green manure crop, then the requirement of nitrogen will be half { Half dose of nitrogen should be only applied before sowing }
• We should apply phosphorous full dose before sowing at the rate of 40 – 50 kg/ha

The remaining quantity of nitrogen should be we should apply half at the time of root initiation and remain should be applied at the time of root knob development.

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IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN TURNIP CULTIVATION 

• We should maintain the proper amount of moisture in the field.
• We should irrigate the field at the interval of 5 -6 days.
• We should apply light irrigation before harvesting. It makes harvesting easy.

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• Process of earthing up is done after 20 to 25 days of sowing.
• It is done for the proper root development.
• Topdressing of nitrogen is done during the earthing up.

HARVESTING PROCESS IN TURNIP CULTIVATION

• Early varieties of turnip are ready to harvest in 60 – 80 days after sowing
• Late varieties of turnip are ready to harvest in 90 – 120 days after sowing
• The ideal size of roots at the time of harvesting should be 5 – 7 cm diameter
• The process of harvesting, in turnip, is done with khurpi or shovel it is a safe method of harvesting as compared to pulling the root or lifting the root.
• We should clean root after the harvesting tops of the turnip plant should.
• Root grading of turnip is done based on size.
• For the quality root, timely harvesting is very important

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The yield of turnip depends upon the variety that we have sown, climatic condition, type of soil present and field management practices.

• The yield of turnip is approx  250 – 300 q/ha

• We washed roots of turnip to make their appearance good, it also reduces the decay.

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